Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious, even hazardous, condition that impacts the quality of life for millions, affecting everything from daytime alertness to long-term cardiovascular health. Characterized by repetitive pauses in breathing during sleep due to a blocked airway, OSA can lead to fragmented sleep, reduced oxygen levels and even more serious health issues if left untreated.
While common treatments like continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy or oral appliances work for many, they are not always effective or tolerable for everyone. For those with moderate to severe OSA linked to structural jaw issues, orthognathic surgery offers a transformative solution that targets the problem at its root.
Understanding Orthognathic Surgery
Orthognathic surgery, or corrective jaw surgery, is a procedure designed to reposition the jaw bones, enhancing facial structure, function and aesthetics. For patients with OSA, the focus is primarily on enlarging and stabilizing the airway. By surgically moving the jawbones—especially the maxilla (upper jaw) and mandible (lower jaw)—orthognathic surgery can prevent the collapse of soft tissues at the back of the throat, which is a common cause of airway obstruction.
Orthognathic surgery is often recommended for patients whose OSA is caused by skeletal deficiencies, such as a receding chin, a small or narrow jaw or misalignment issues that cause airway restriction. By repositioning these structures, surgeons can expand the airway and reduce the risk of airway collapse, leading to more restful sleep and improved health outcomes.
How Orthognathic Surgery Treats OSA
Orthognathic surgery for OSA often involves a technique called maxillomandibular advancement (MMA). In this procedure, both the upper and lower jaws are moved forward, expanding the airway. This forward shift opens up more space in the throat, reducing the likelihood of obstruction and allowing for normal breathing during sleep.
In addition to MMA, other jaw surgeries, such as mandibular advancement, may also be beneficial for some patients. During these procedures, the surgeon strategically repositions the jaw and stabilizes it with plates and screws, ensuring long-term structural support for the airway. The ultimate goal is to provide a permanent solution that not only alleviates symptoms but also addresses the underlying anatomical causes of OSA.
Benefits of Orthognathic Surgery for OSA
Orthognathic surgery can significantly improve the quality of life for patients suffering from OSA. For many, it results in a substantial reduction or even elimination of apnea episodes. Patients often experience better sleep quality, improved energy levels, and reduced symptoms of daytime drowsiness. Additionally, studies have shown that MMA surgery can lead to a reduction in other OSA-related health risks, such as high blood pressure, heart disease and metabolic issues.
For patients who struggle with CPAP or other therapies, orthognathic surgery offers a chance to address OSA without relying on nightly devices or appliances. In cases where structural factors are the primary cause of OSA, surgery can be a long-term or even permanent solution, removing the need for additional intervention.
Is Orthognathic Surgery Right for You?
Orthognathic surgery is not for everyone. It is typically considered only after less invasive treatments have been explored, and a thorough evaluation is needed to confirm that jaw structure is a significant contributing factor to the patient’s OSA. Consulting with a qualified specialist experienced in sleep apnea treatments is essential to assess your specific needs and determine if this procedure is a suitable option.
By targeting the structural causes of OSA, orthognathic surgery has the potential to deliver long-lasting relief for patients whose sleep and overall health have been impacted by this challenging condition. For many, it offers the promise of better sleep, enhanced well-being and a life free from the restrictions of OSA. If you would like more information about sleep apnea treatment, we invite you to reach out to our team to learn more or schedule an appointment.
